Lycopodium are the spores of Lycopodium clavatum. Lycopodiums are related to ferns and mosses and are among the oldest plants in the history of the earth. 

They are found in northern latitudes, often on heaths or in forests.

[The name "Lycopodium" comes from the Greek language and is composed by "lico" meaning wolf and "podio" meaning foot and it is due to the similarity of the plant to the shape of a wolf's foot.]

The spore powder coming from this plant, is odourless and tasteless, insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol and is collected to be used for different therapeutic purposes. The fat and the other alkaloids contained by these spores give the medical properties to the plant.

In ancient times, it was called the "flour of witches", because, thanks to its healing properties, it was largely used to cure many diseases and illnesses.

Being highly flammable, Lycopodium powder is used to make fireworks or explosions in theatre's scenes. In the past was sought to cause the flash of the old cameras. Still used in current times, Lycopodium is one of the great constitutional remedies of homeopathy.

Lycopodium spores are very small, only about 35 µm in diameter. They have tetrahedral shape and irregular surface. The powder is very easily mobile due to these characteristics. 

Impurities with sulfur or pollen dust of hazel or spruce occur, but are easy to detect under the microscope.

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Substances that sink in water are also considered impurities, since pure Lycopodium powder floats on water. Inside the spores there is a liquid oil, which makes up about 50% of the weight.

 In addition, the spores contain a lot of protein and are even eaten in some countries. The oil can escape from the pores by rubbing, which destroys the smoothness of the powder.

When using Lycopodium, the property of the spores not to stick together is exploited. As a release agent, Lycopodium was used both in pharmacy in tablet production and in molding, for example, to

separate wet sand surfaces. 

Lycopodium spores are very flammable, for which reason they are popular with fire breathers and  for table fireworks.

 In rural areas, lycopodium was used to set fire to food and chimneys. 

The following dust explosion cleared the chimneys from soot. Sometimes, however, the houses burned down in the process. 

Lycopodium spores were hardly used as a dye.

 In a recipe for dyeing red with leaves of the wild apple tree it is said that lycopodium spores as well as wild dost should be added.

Lycopodium is the scientific name of the lycopodium family. It is a very light, pale yellow, odorless  and tasteless powder. 

The fine powder dissolves very easily and floats on the water.

The spore capsules of Lycopodium contain a fine, yellow spore dust, which is popularly known as  witch powder, or lightning powder. Already in the Middle Ages it was known that lycopodium

spores, scattered in a fire, produce a bright flash flame.