Adenosine is a purine nucleoside composed of N-9 of adenine and C-1 of D-ribose β A compound formed by glycosidic bonds, with the chemical formula C10H13N æ O ₄, and its phosphate ester is adenosine monophosphate.

Adenosine plays an important role in biochemistry, including energy transfer in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP), or signal transduction in the form of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). D-adenine nucleoside is a type of glycosylamine molecule, composed of nucleic acid bases plus ribose or deoxyribose.

 The bases include purine and pyrimidine, purine includes guanine and adenine, pyrimidine includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil, and ribose and nucleic acid bases are separated β- The form of N-glycosidic bonds is formed.

pharmacological action 

Adenosine is a natural nucleotide, an intermediate product of metabolism in the body, and one of the important active ingredients in the body. Its function is achieved by activating adenosine receptors (A receptors). In the atrium, sinoatrial node, and atrioventricular node, adenosine activates G protein coupled potassium channels by binding to A receptors, increasing K+efflux and reducing cell membrane hyperpolarization and autonomy. It can also significantly increase cGMP levels, prolong ERP and slow down conduction in the atrioventricular node, inhibit early and late depolarization caused by sympathetic nervous system or isoproterenol, and exert antiarrhythmic effects. This product is not currently classified as class I-IV antiarrhythmic drugs.

purpose

1. Adenosine can be used to treat angina, myocardial infarction, coronary insufficiency, arteriosclerosis, primary hypertension, cerebrovascular disorders, stroke sequelae, progressive muscle atrophy, etc.

2. Endogenous neurotransmitters. Mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry to manufacture Ara-AR; Adenosine triphosphate (ATP); The main raw materials for drugs such as coenzyme A (COASH) and its series products cyclic adenosine monophosphate (CAMP).

Adenosine induces apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells. It also has anti arrhythmic properties. A neurotransmitter that acts as the preferred endogenous agonist in all subtypes of adenosine A receptors.